These happen when there are Extra, Missing, or Broken Parts in the chromosomes (the parts of your cells that carry genes).
🔹 Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
- Cause: One extra chromosome 21.
- Symptoms: Learning problems, special facial features.
- Note: Very common.
🔹 Turner Syndrome (Girls with only one X chromosome)
- Symptoms: Short height, can’t have babies, heart problems.
🔹 Klinefelter Syndrome (Boys with XXY chromosomes)
- Symptoms: Can’t have children, less male hormone (testosterone).
🔹 Cri-du-chat Syndrome
- Cause: Missing part of chromosome 5.
Symptoms: Baby’s cry sounds like a cat, slow development
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